Mar 20, 2017 crack competitive exams such as ssc cgl with expert tips on how to convert direct speech into indirect speech and vice versa. Direct and indirect speeches are not the favorite topic for many of us. If the question starts with interrogative pronouns or adverb such as who, whose, whom, which what why when. May 16, 2017 direct and indirect speech with rules and examples, english grammar by universal channel learn english grammar all in one is a free channel for english learn. Apr 02, 2019 download rules for converting direct narration into indirect narration in english grammar with examples pdf direct narration it is the method in which the actual words of the speaker are reported within inverted commas. I said, i love to write scary stories but i have no time to write it actually. Direct and indirect narration in english grammer pdf download. To learn more about direct and indirect speech click here direct and indirect speech complete rules. After completing this lesson, the students will be able to.
To remove the inverted commas from the direct speech and replace them with an appropriate conjunction. A pronoun of the first person i, my, me, our, we in direct speech is changed in the indirect to the same person as the subject of the introductory verb, e. Download rules for converting direct narration into indirect narration in english grammar with examples pdf direct narration it is the method in which the actual words of the speaker are reported within inverted commas. Understand the difference between direct and indirect speech. Accurately punctuate direct and indirect speech know when and how to change pronouns and verb tenses in indirect speech. Modal verbs are changed in indirect speech like, can into could, may into might, must into had to. She said to me, thank you steven said, ashley must go tomorrow. Insert quotation marks, question mark, exclamation and fullstop, wherever necessary. Basic rules how to change from direct speech to indirect speech the conjunction thatifwhether is used between the introductory verb and the reported speech e. In addition to that, you may also find how easy is to understand pronoun change in reported speech with examples and exercise.
We often convey a message or give information about what someone said, thought or felt to somebody else. Following are the basic rules of direct and indirect speech for interrogative sentences or question sentences. Direct indirect of simple present tense direct indirect. A lesson presentation that presents teaching and learning resources on direct and indirect speech. Punctuation marks comma, inverted comma, question marks are removed. When the main idea of a speakers words is reported by another person and the exact words are not quoted, it is called indirect speech or reported speech. The tense in reported speech is one tense back in time from the tense in direct speech. In case 2, the witness is reporting what the speaker has said matter and it is known as indirect speech. Typed by ozair ahmed baloch government boys primary school sammu village, uc1 gadap town karachi. The original words are modified andor interpreted as opposed to being quoted. Jul 16, 20 indirect speech what the speaker has said without using the exact words the teacher told rajesh that he had a bright future. Remove the conjuctions that, to, if or whether etc. In indirect discourse or speech, the first1 st personal pronouns i, we, they always change according to the subject of the indirect speech. Direct and indirect speech rules and examples english.
May 01, 2018 in this case,there is no changein this case,past perfect of direct speech remains past perfect of indirect speechthe teenager saidi had pizza for lunchathe teenager said that he had pizza for luncheathe rich man saidi had 2 private jetsathe rich man said that he had 2 private jetseafather. Rewrite the following sentences changing the direct speech to indirect speech and indirect speech to direct speech. If the reporting verb is in the present or future tense, the tense of the verb in the reported speech is not changed at all. Indirect speech is writing that provides a summary of what somebody was supposed to have said, and when they said it. Such accuracy is even more important in a non fiction account. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples, english. From year 3 onwards your child will learn to write direct speech quoting exact words spoken and indirect speech reporting a conversation. To change from indirect to direct speech, keep the rules of the direct speech are applied in the reverse order. If direct is simple presentin indirect, it becomes simple past. Reported or indirect speech is usually used to talk about the past, so we normally change the tense of the words spoken. Mar 23, 2019 direct and indirect speech direct and indirect speech rules. Being an english language learner, its mandatory for you to study and understand reported speech rules to learn completely direct and indirect speech.
Since direct speech quotes someones exact spoken words, it is enclosed in quotation marks from both sides to separate it from the rest of the text. This video is comprehensive coverage of the topic, which is also known. There are certain changes in rules for each type of sentences. Direct speech is the exact words spoken by someone. In indirect speech, words spoken by one person is reported in another place at a different time by a different person. Exampledirect speechshe said i live in delhiindirect speechshe said that she lived in delhinote. Basic rules to convert a direct speech to indirect speech. Direct and indirect speech in hindi tense in hindi. In fact, we make this into reported speech in the same way as a request. Direct speech repeats, or quotes, the exact words spoken. The maid said, all the windows have been washed thoroughly.
In the english language, there are two ways of conveying what someone else has said. Direct quoted speech, involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within inverted commas or quotation marks. Jul 29, 2014 direct and indirect speech rules and examples. In english, to report someones words or their own words, you. These two ways are also used to simply narrate spokenwords have no message to convey of one person to another. Direct indirect speech rules of past perfect direct.
Initially we will look at direct and indirect speech, then look at how to convert speech from direct to indirect or viceversa. Pp1 quoted speech uses quotation marks and the exact words that a person has said. Rules for the change of tenses download pdf we have seen that when the reporting verb is in the past tense, all present tenses inside the quotation marks will change into their corresponding past tenses in indirect speech. Reported speech indirect speech tom asked what time the meeting was. Reported questions and commands exercises pdf exercises to practise questions, commands and requests in the reported speech. Turn these sentences with direct speech into those with indirect speech. There are five basic things that have to be changed while converting a direct speech to an indirect speech. Use the reporting verb, say or said to in its correct tense. Directquoted speech, involves quoting the exact words uttered by the person, within inverted commas or quotation marks.
Reported speech is used when you want to tell someone else what a person said before. Narration, change of narration, direct and indirect speech. Prepared by abdul rauf baloch government boys secondary school bhiroo village, uc1 gadap town karachi. It is not necessary to learn complicated rules about indirect speech in english, because most of the. The sentence in indirect speech is in simple past passive tense. In order to do this you can use the grammar structure named direct or quoted speech, or indirect or reported speech. When we report questions, the indirect speech is introduced by verbs such as asked.
If we want to say what other people said, thought or felt, we can use the direct or indirect speech. If the direct speech has a pronoun, its person is changed, when necessary, to refer in the indirect to the same individual as it does in the direct. There are four basic rules to change a direct speech into indirect speech. The grammar and punctuation required for direct speech are more specific than it is for indirect speech. Direct indirect speech rules exercise pdf free download narration direct indirect is an art of delivery correct message to the receiver. He wanted to know if there is a change in the tense in the reported speech if the introductory verb is in the past tense e. Direct and indirect speech practice questions hitbullseye. In the following questions, a sentence has been given in direct indirect. Lets first define the terms, then look at how to talk about what someone said, and how to convert speech from direct to indirect or viceversa. Direct speech is writing that quotes what somebody has said in full, and is meant to be an accurate record of what was said, and by whom it was said indirect speech definition.
Basic rules of reported speech english practice learn and. When the question starts with auxiliary verbs such as do does did has have had is am are will shall cancould maymight would should etc. Direct and indirect speech rules examples narration. To change the reporting verb according to the reported speech. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples. Direct and indirect speech exercises with answers pdf.
Direct and indirect speech in english grammar with. Direct and indirect discourse or speech main english. When the actual words of the speaker are reproduced, it is called direct speech. Indirect speech, also known as reported speech, is when words or phrases are reported in our own words. Because of this, there are many grammatical differences between direct and indirect speech. Interrogative form is changed into assertive form of sentence. Indeed this structure can be a source of confusion for esl learners because they mix it with active and passive voice. A lesson plan that presents teaching and learning resources on direct and indirect speech. Remove the inverted commas, replace them with an appropriate conjunction.
Before learning the rules for conversion of direct speech into indirect speech, you must learn the following two components of a sentence of direct speech. Indirect speech what the speaker has said without using the exact words the teacher told rajesh that he had a bright future. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples download all the grammar lessons in one click. Direct indirect speech rules exercise pdf free download. May 2, 2014 when the reporting verb is in the past tense, all present tenses in the direct speech will change into the corresponding past tenses. While changing direct speech into indirect speech the rules of sequence of tenses are follows. Crack competitive exams such as ssc cgl with expert tips on how to convert direct speech into indirect speech and vice versa. In direct speech, we use livein indirect speech, we use livedquestionshe said i like ice creamahe said that he liked ice creamexp. Fundamental rules to change a direct speech to indirect speech. Edit change in modal verbs here are some indirect speech rules for modal verbs. Understand the rules of direct and indirect speech. I said i love to write scary stories but i have no time to write it actually.
The original words are modified and or interpreted as opposed to being quoted. Our parents guide covers the use of speech marks and how your. Direct and indirect speech direct and indirect speech can be a source of confusion for english learners. Direct and indirect speech can be a source of confusion for english learners. If the reporting verb in the direct speech statement is in present tense or future tense, then it remains same in indirect speech too i. Direct speech i am in my house now indirect speech he was in his house then conversion to indirect speech following are some golden rules and easy steps to convert direct indirect speech. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples, english grammar by universal channel learn english grammar all in one is a free channel for english learners. Direct and indirect speech exercises with answers pdf exams. Indirect speech is when we report what someone else has said. This is due to direct speech being a word for word account of what somebody has said. Direct speech indirect speech direct speech indirect speech alex said, it is good time now to see him alex said that it was good time then to see him. The file contains direct and indirect speech rules for question sentences reported speech for tenses, imperative, optative and exclamatory sentences. Recognize the similarities and differences between direct and indirect speech.
The basic rules of changing direct speech to indirect speech described for simple sentences applies for all types of sentences. General rules special rules, general rules sentence. Direct and indirect speech basic rules indirect speech for question sentence indirect speech for modals i. It is because direct and indirect speech rules are not easy to learn. When words and thoughts are reported, there is usually a change of tenses, pronouns and other words. Also one cannot ignore the importance of direct and indirect speech in spoken or writing english language. Direct speech is used in minutes from meetings as well as court hearings, and in. Direct and indirect speech with rules and examples englishan. Reporting verb will be changed according to reporting speech. Out of the four alternatives suggested, select the one which best expresses the same sentence in direct indirect and mark your answer. As it is a summary it does not have to be a word for word. In direct speech the sentence will change to simple present.
In this case,there is no changein this case,past perfect of direct speech remains past perfect of indirect speechthe teenager saidi had pizza for lunchathe teenager said that he had pizza for luncheathe rich man saidi had 2 private jetsathe rich man said that he had 2 private jetseafather. Direct and indirect speech rules and examples english summary. In the direct form reminded will be substituted by do not forget to take. Indirect speech for imperative and exclamatory sentences change in pronoun in indirect speech change in time and adverb in indirect speech. Basic rules of reported speech english practice learn. Im means i am which refers to raj and needs to be changed to he was in form of indirect speech. Direct and indirect speech in english grammar with examples pdf.