Abstract this study was aimed to estimate soil loss in gilgel gibe1 catchment by gisbased rusle model and prioritize subwatersheds for soil conservation planning. Published online december 8, 2017 soil erosion modeling and conservation planning james c. The soil erosion probability zone was generated by overlaying different layers such as land useland cover, soil, slope and a rainfall maps using weighted index overlay method. Brief overview of catchment modeling and trap efficiency of reservoirs. Introduction to soil erosion and landscape evolution modeling. Soilwater balance is the primary consideration by the model in each hru, which is represented as arnold et al. Soil erosion is a naturally occurring environmental process by which soil materials are displaced, transported, and deposited in downstream areas by wind, water, or gravitational forces.
Solving the functional relationships of the wind erosion equation as pre. To facilitate the modeling processes and evaluate the spatial features in a watershed, the arcinfo grid gis was integrated with the usle model. Soil erosion reduces cropland productivity and contributes to the pollution of adjacent watercourses, wetlands and lakes. Phosphorus modeling in soil and water assessment tool swat model 165 cycle is based on a water mass balance. Soil erosion modeling using rusle and gis on dudhawa. Modeling the contribution of ephemeral gully erosion under different soil. Spatial modeling of soil erosion risk and its implication for. Modeling soil erosion with cs minnesota environment and. At a global scale, soil erosion is a major environmental problem, resulting, among other outcomes, in a threat to the sustainability of agricultural production and the quality of surface waters in many re. The issues of model prediction of soil and water loss are also briefly considered. Pdf soil erosion modeling using gis based rusel model in. Asabe technical library publications included soil erosion.
Soil erosion is a globally significant environmental process. In order to develop landscapescale estimates of soil erosion in minnesotas agricultural. Soil eroded from the upland catchment causes depletion of fertile agricultural land and the. Using soil erosion models for global change studies. Chapter 4 development of topographic factor modeling for application in soil erosion models anna hoffmann oliveira, mayesse aparecida da silva, marx leandro naves silva, nilton curi. Just look at any coastline, and you will notice how the constant pounding force from wind and waves causes. Soil erosion assessment tools from point to regional scales. Soil erosion modeling using rusle and gis on cameron highlands, malaysia for hydropower development soo huey teh a 30 ects credit units master. This special issue includes papers concerning the use of fallout for estimating soil erosion, new wind erosion modelling techniques, the. T value tolerable erosion equilibrium between soil gains and losses. The soil erosion probability zones in the study area has been categorized into four types viz. Centurylong studies on the impacts of forest management in north america suggest sediment can cause major reduction on stream water quality.
Universal soil loss equation and revised universal soil loss equation 9 include any impact either erosion or deposition of the concentrated flow channels that form in the natural swales at the bottom of the roughly planar hillslopes, and certainly did not address classical gullying processes that often occur at. Estimation of soil erosion in nepal using a rusle modeling. The soil erosion probability zones in the study area has been categorized into four types. Assessment of soil erosion by rusle model using remote sensing and gis a case study of nethravathi basin. Spatial modeling of soil erosion risk and its implication. Soil erosion modeling using rusle and gis on dudhawa catchment. Geotechnical centrifuge modeling of soil erosion d. Its getting better all the time 24 april 2012, by ann perry ars is about to release an updated universal soil loss equation that incorporates more intricate combinations of. Changes in soil erosion and sediment transport based on. The model separates the soil erosion process into a water phase and a sediment phase. Soil erosion is a major issue, causing the loss of topsoil and fertility in agricultural land in mountainous terrain.
Estimating water erosion and sediment yield with gis. We used geospatial techniques and empirical soil erosion modeling techniques, mainly the revised universal soil loss equation rusle model that looked at five key soil erosion control parameters. How to build a hinged hoophouse for a raised bed garden duration. Soil erosion occurs when soil is removed through the action of wind and water at a greater rate than it is formed soil the soil covering the surface of the earth has taken millions of years to form and we must learn to respect it. Swat soil and water assessment tool which is a semi. Upland erosion modeling rusle revised universal soil loss equation widely used method for estimating soil erosion the original usle is an empirical. Soil erosion is the displacement of the upper layer of soil, it is one form of soil degradation. Both primary and secondary data from different sources were used in this study. Universal soil loss equation and revised universal soil loss equation 9 include any impact either erosion or deposition of the concentrated flow channels that form in the natural swales at the bottom of the roughly planar hillslopes, and certainly did not address classical gullying processes that often occur at steep bound. Overland water flow can detach exposed soil and transport it over large distances, leading to soil loss and sediment deposition across landscape. Soil erosion is a natural landscape process of critical concern to many land management agencies. Soil erosion is the process by which soil primary particles and aggregates are removed and lost from their point of origin by wind or water, or even mass wasting from gravitational forces troeh et al. Soil erosion soil erosion is the detachment and movement of soil material. Pdf humid tropical mountainous environments htmes are generally considered sensitive ecological regions because anthropogenic.
Modeling soil erosion using physical models can thus provide an alternative and sophisticated tool for investigating the processes and mechanisms of soil erosion for targeted implementation of appropriate. Estimating water erosion and sediment yield with gis, rusle, and sedd. The overall current soil erosion rates are highly variable and large by international standards, and sheet, rill, and gully erosion are the dominant processes. Natural erosion has sculptured landforms on the uplands and built landforms on the lowlands. Two variations grid cells and slope units of the soil erosion model. Soil erosion models and implications for conservation of sloping. Rusle, a bnctional model derived fiom the analysis of intensive soil erosion data, has seen wide application in longterm water erosion pre diction renard et al. Complex mod els may also play a role in addressing some problems that simple models cannot climate change, for example. Renschlera,b, jon harbora ausdaagricultural research service ars national soil erosion research laboratory nserl, purdue university, 1196 soil building, west lafayette, in 479071196, usa. Estimating water erosion and sediment yield with gis, rusle. Eeva sundstom june 2011 abstract this thesis study applied geographical information system gis and the revised. Soil erosion assessment tools from point to regional. Tamk, university of applied sciences department of environmental engineering tampere, june 2011 tampere university of applied sciences department of environmental engineering ii. Caesar cellular automaton evolutionary slope and river model wilsim webbased interactive landform simulation model wind erosion.
Soil erosion modeling using gis and rusle on the eurajoki watershed finland gossa wordofa thesis supervisor. Modeling response of soil erosion and runoff to changes in. Required gis data layers included precipitation, soil characteristics, elevation, and. When things erode, they wear away due to some force acting on them. Pdf modeling soil erosion using rusle and gis tools george ashiagbor academia. Better particle erosion fluid dynamics modeling in ansys. Dynamic monitoring of plant cover and soil erosion using. A food and environmental threat david pimentel1 1college of agriculture and life sciences, cornell university, 5126 comstock hall, ithaca, new york, 148530901. Erosion wear is the loss of material due to repeated impact of solid particles on a surface and causes major economic losses across diverse industries such as oil and gas, hydraulic transportation, and chemical processes. The details of all publications are in the researchgate in full text pdf forms. The process may be natural or accelerated by human activity. May 12, 2018 overland water flow can detach exposed soil and transport it over large distances, leading to soil loss and sediment deposition across landscape. A soil erosion model was developed to integrate ndvi and land slope to esti mate the soil erosion rate and the vegetation cover is a major factor of soil erosion.
The harerge region of eastern ethiopia, especially the highlands with altitudes greater than 1500m are among the highly affected areas by. Assessment of soil erosion by rusle model using remote. As a geomorphic process, soil erosion can be generally defined as the detachment and transport of insitu soil particles by three natural agents water in liquid or ice form, wind, and gravity down slope movement. Soil erosion can be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed or can occur at an alarming rate, causing serious loss of topsoil. Development of topographic factor modeling for application. Based on the estimates of soil loss in 140,297 km 2 pasturelands of goias state and the federal district, the effects of land use and management and conservation practices on soil erosion by water were evaluated. Pdf modeling soil erosion using rusle and gis tools. Also, quantitative simulation models of surface runoff and soil erosion, which can be used to eval uate alternative strategies for improved land management, not. Equation usle and its modified version the revised uni. Modeling response of soil erosion and runoff to changes in precipitation and cover m. However, wind and water erosion are generally most commonly associated with human activity with respect to agricultural practices. Soil conservation planning, soil erosion modeling, farmer participation, china doi. It considers soil erosion to result from the detachment of soil particles by.
One of the most applied models to estimate soil erosion is the universal soil loss. Most models consider rill and interrill erosion whereas only a few models speci. To facilitate the modeling processes and evaluate the spatial features in a watershed. Soil loss was estimated with the empirical revised universal soil loss equation model under four scenarios of land use and.
Methods and materials modeling soil erosion by rusle. Modeling soil erosion and transport on forest landscape. Soil erosion patterns in forest watersheds are patchy and heterogeneous. Estimation of soil erosion in nepal is essential because of its agriculturedependent economy contributing 36% to national gdp and for preparing erosion control plans. Pdf this chapter explains the theory and methods for gisbased modeling of soil erosion, sediment transport, and deposition by surface water flow. Such models often consider other landscapeforming processes in addition to erosion, such as mass movements and fluvial river erosion. Soil erosion modeling and comparison using slope units. Soil erosion assessment tools from point to regional scalesthe role of geomorphologists in land management research and implementation chris s. The influence of human activities on the landscape has traditionally been deleterious, but this trend seems to have recently reversed in some parts of the country following the.
Nearing, and holm kipka abstract accelerated soil erosion induced by human activities is a primary cause of soil degradation worldwide. In this lesson, students construct a stream table model to explore the process of erosion. This natural process is caused by the dynamic activity of erosive agents, that is, water, ice glaciers, snow, air wind, plants, animals, and humans. Soil erosion modeling using gis and rusle on the eurajoki watershed, finland bachelor. Soil erosion involves detachment and transport of soil particles from top soil layers, degrading soil quality and reducing the productivity of affected lands. However, their hillslope erosion component usually considers only soil erosion by water. Soil erosion modeling using rusle and gis on dudhawa catchment 1151 figure 2. Because of its unique ability of the rosehairsine model to explicitly recognize the differential behavior of the various. Modeling the contribution of ephemeral gully erosion under. Considered in this paper are those scaling relationships comparing, where applicable, modeling laws relating a full scale prototype to a conventional l g reduced scale model, to the laws for a centrifuge model, examining laminar seepage, turbulent surface flow, initiation of erosion, and subsequent sediment transport. Soil erosion modeling and conservation planning mafiadoc. Soil erosion rates may be expected to change in response to changes in climate for a variety of reasons, the most direct of which is the change in the erosive power of rainfall. Fifth grade lesson modeling the erosion process betterlesson.
Depending on the local landscape and weather conditions, erosion may be very slow or very rapid. Research on soil erosion and soil conservation is assisted. Processes, measurement, and modeling, abstract soil erosion by the environmental agents of water and wind is a continuing global menace that threatens the agricultural base that sustains our civilization. Students then examine how the earths systems interact during the weathering and erosion processes plan your 60minute lesson in science or weathering with helpful tips from kara nelson.
Modelling soil erosion and transport within a catchment. This chapter explains the theory and methods for gisbased modeling of soil erosion, sediment transport, and deposition by surface water flow. Soil erosion can be effectively controlled by modifying topography to reduce concentrated overland flow or by planting vegetation to reduce soil detachment and transport. Development of topographic factor modeling for application in. In the context of watercaused soil erosion, removal of soil particles is the result of raindrops, while. Ansys fluent 18 has advanced erosion fluid dynamics modeling by adding three industrystandard models to the previous default model. Therefore, patterns of soil erosion are difficult to model and predict. Goodings abstract geotechnical centrifuge modeling has been used to special advantage in instances where the nature of a geotechnical phenomenon has not been entirely understood and where in teraction of several effects makes standard analyses difficult to apply. The output from the burrishoole model is described in. Free abstract download pdf soil surface texture and vegetative cover as a function of aeolian particulate matter generated in the jornada basin of new mexico authors. Modeling soil erosion by water using swat in northern ethiopia. Among the models including gully erosion are those of capra et al.